The Multiverse
The multiverse is a hypothetical group of multiple universes. Together, these universes comprise everything that exists: the entirety of space, time, matter, energy, and the physical laws and constants that describe them.The different universes within the multiverse are called “parallel universes”, “other universes”, or “alternate.
The universes would be, in an analogy, similar to soap bubbles floating in a larger space capable of harboring them. Some would even be interconnected by black holes or wormholes.
There are several multiverse versions. See two examples.
In chaotic inflation theory, a variant of the cosmic inflation theory, the multiverse, or space as a whole is expanding and will continue to do so forever, but some regions of space stop stretching and forming distinct bubbles (such as pockets of gas in a growing bread). These bubbles are embryonic of level I of the multiverse. Different bubbles can experience different breaks of spontaneous symmetry, which results in different properties, such as different physical constants.
The brane multiverse version postulates that our entire universe exists on a membrane (brane) which floats in a higher dimension or “bulk”. In this bulk, there are other membranes with their own universes. These universes can interact with one another, and when they collide, the violence and energy produced is more than enough to give rise to a big bang. The branes float or drift near each other in the bulk, and every few trillion years, attracted by gravity or some other force we do not understand, collide and bang into each other. This repeated contact gives rise to multiple or “cyclic” big bangs. This particular hypothesis falls under the string theory umbrella as it requires extra spatial dimensions.
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